Northern Europe
High-level information on Article 6 cooperation and activities for the Northern Europe region.
Last updated 4 December 2025Article 6.2 | Cooperative approaches
Northern Europe’s involvement in Article 6.2 cooperations.
Agreements
Countries in Northern Europe as host / buyer
Cooperative approaches
Countries in Northern Europe as host / buyer
Article 6.4 | Paris Agreement crediting mechanism (PACM)
Transitioning CDM activities and newly proposed projects and programmes with prior consideration notifications in Northern Europe.
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Sector / Activity type
Activities and how they address emissions across sectors in Northern Europe.
National targets
Article 6 cooperation should help to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. To limit global temperature increase to 1.5 degrees, transfers between countries need to happen in the context of comprehensive and ambitious national commitments.
Sustainable development
The impact from activities implemented under Article 6 is not limited to addressing climate change. Projects can come with significant co-benefits across other sustainability dimensions – but also significant risks to people and environment.
As outlined in countries’ Participation Requirements for the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism.
The Article 6.4 sustainable development tool aims to ensure that PACM activities “do no harm” and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Project proponents are required to identify potential impacts - both positive and negative - and show how social and environmental risks are addressed.
The Article 6.4 sustainable development tool aims to ensure that PACM activities “do no harm” and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Project proponents are required to identify potential impacts - both positive and negative - and show how social and environmental risks are addressed.
TOTAL ACROSS ALL SDG'S
SDG'S LIST
Initiatives aiming to strengthen Article 6 knowledge and capabilities that involve countries in Northern Europe.
Capacity building
Projects and initiatives to build Article 6 capacities that involve countries in Northern Europe.
The Support Facility provides capacity building and technical support to developing member countries (DMCs) to help them to identify, develop and test mitigation actions under the framework of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.
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The Carbon Market Platform (CMP), launched in 2015 under Germany's G7 presidency, brings together a diverse group of countries and organisations with the aim of strengthening international co-operation on developing effective, sustainable and ambitious carbon pricing approaches.
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Established in 2021, UNDP's Carbon Payments for Development Facility is a powerful catalyst for innovative public-private partnerships that curb carbon emissions and advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Guided by Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, this framework aligns with the global commitment to combat climate change.
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The Carbon Transaction Facility (CTF) is GGGI’s solution to the challenges that face countries seeking to participate in cooperative approaches under Article 6, and to scaling up international carbon trading. The CTF, launched in October 2024, aims to accelerate global GHG emission reductions by catalyzing carbon trading under Article 6. The CTF structure has two main pillars: the Article 6 Readiness Facility on one side, and a number of multiple ITMO-purchasing carbon funds on the other. The Article 6 Readiness Facility is a multi-donor fund improving host country readiness through technical assistance and capacity building. The Carbon Funds, on the other hand, are a series of individual funds for initiating Article 6 carbon transactions and purchasing Article 6 carbon credits (ITMOs).
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ICAT provides countries with tailored support and practical tools and methodologies to build the robust transparency frameworks needed for effective climate action in sync with national development priorities. ICAT provides countries with tailored support and practical tools and methodologies to build the robust transparency frameworks needed for effective climate action in sync with national development priorities.
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The MATS project is aimed at establishing Article 6 Activities under the Paris Agreement. The objective of this joint collaboration is to catalyze international trading of mitigation outcomes in support of the increased climate ambitions needed under the Paris Agreement.
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The Nordic Initiative for Cooperative Approaches (NICA) supports the implementation of international market-based collaboration under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. It also monitors developments in the Voluntary Carbon Markets and their interaction with Paris Agreement mechanisms.
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The Norwegian Global Emission Reduction (NOGER) Initiative directly contributes to emission cuts and green transitions in developing countries. It utilizes the Paris Agreement Article 6 framework for cooperation on climate goals. It aims to increase countries’ climate ambitions, and the cooperation can mobilize large private, green investments.
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This self-paced course presents a comprehensive overview of Paris Agreement Article 6.2 implementation requirements and the main building blocks for an Article 6.2 Framework in your country. It will help position your country as a trusted partner in cooperative approaches with bilateral partners that can advance action towards achieving each nation’s NDCs and higher ambition on climate action.
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The Sustainable Development Initiative (SDI) explores Party and other stakeholder views on options to assist with the implementation of sustainable development provisions in Article 6 of the Paris Agreement to the UNFCCC. Based on technical work, research and analysis, the SDI regularly presents options for guidance, rules, modalities and procedures to operationalize the Article 6 sustainable development (SD) provisions.
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Alliance aims to enhance the position of West African countries in international carbon markets, benefit from technology transfers, and access result-based climate finance for NDC implementation.
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PMI assists countries to design, pilot, and implement pricing instruments aligned with their development priorities. A 10-year program with a capitalization target of US$250 million, the Partnership brings an ambitious and long-term vision for the viability of carbon markets to its support for programs and policies -- across jurisdictions and sectors -- that introduce a strong price signal on carbon emissions and contribute to the Paris Agreement goal of limiting temperature rise to 1.5°C
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The Club is a group of national governments that jointly develop modalities for piloting activities under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement. o date, representatives from eleven countries have already confirmed participation in the Club: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Chile, Ghana, Japan, Peru, Rwanda, Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, and Switzerland. Participation in the Club is voluntary and non-exclusive.
Read moreNorthern Europe overview
High-level overview of Article 6 cooperation and activities across Northern Europe.