High-level information on Article 6 cooperation and activities for the South Asia region.

Last updated 4 December 2025
Total Emissions 4.62 billion tCO2e
Emissions per capita 2.39 tCO2e per person
Total number of:
7
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Countries with bilateral agreements

7 agreements involving 6 different countries.

Countries
Agreements
0
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Countries that transferred or received ITMOs

0 ITMOs transactions involving 0 different countries.

Countries
ITMOs
28
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Countries with approved PACM activities

28 activities involving 5 different countries.

Countries
Activities

Article 6.4 | Paris Agreement crediting mechanism (PACM)

Transitioning CDM activities and newly proposed projects and programmes with prior consideration notifications across South Asia.

National Arrangements

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Sector / Activity type

Activities and how they address emissions across sectors in South Asia.

National targets

Article 6 cooperation should help to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. To limit global temperature increase to 1.5 degrees, transfers between countries need to happen in the context of comprehensive and ambitious national commitments.

Nationally Determined Contribution (NDC)
GHG coverage
Additional goals Net Zero Tracker
Long term strategies

Sustainable development

The impact from activities implemented under Article 6 is not limited to addressing climate change. Projects can come with significant co-benefits across other sustainability dimensions – but also significant risks to people and environment.

Intended Contribution to Sustainable Development Goals

As outlined in countries’ Participation Requirements for the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism.


Sustainable development tool

The Article 6.4 sustainable development tool aims to ensure that PACM activities "do no harm" and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Project proponents are required to identify potential impacts - both positive and negative - and show how social and environmental risks are addressed.


Sustainable development impacts

The Article 6.4 sustainable development tool aims to ensure that PACM activities “do no harm” and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Project proponents are required to identify potential impacts - both positive and negative - and show how social and environmental risks are addressed.

TOTAL ACROSS ALL SDG'S

No impacts identified
Positive
Negative
Negative and positive

SDG'S LIST

Negative Impacts
Positive Impacts

IDENTIFIED RISKS

Sustainable development in cooperative approaches

Initiatives aiming to strengthen Article 6 knowledge and capabilities that involve countries in the South Asia.

Capacity building

Projects and initiatives to build Article 6 capacities that involve countries in South Asia.

Projects & Initiatives
From 2022 — Until 2027
Supporting Preparedness for Article 6 Cooperation (SPAR6C)
Implemented in:

Colombia Zambia Pakistan Thailand

Funded by:

Germany

The five-year project aims to enhance readiness of Colombia, Pakistan, Thailand and Zambia to participate in the international carbon market under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement. To achieve this, the project aims to increase private sector engagement in NDC implementation and to support raising climate ambition in partner countries.

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From 2023 — Until 2026
Integrated Assessment for Article 6 (IAA6)
Implemented in:

Peru United Republic of Tanzania Sri Lanka

Funded by:

European Union

IAA6 supports countries in building capacity for the strategic use of cooperation under Article 6, enabling increased climate ambition and promoting sustainable development. By developing and piloting a systemic framework (IAA6 Approach), the project helps countries define 1.5°-compatible pathways and the role cooperative approaches could play in achieving them.

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From 2018 — Until 2026
Article 6 Support Facility (A6SF)
Implemented in:

Indonesia Pakistan Mongolia Philippines Thailand Timor-Leste Palau

Funded by:

Sweden Germany

The Support Facility provides capacity building and technical support to developing member countries (DMCs) to help them to identify, develop and test mitigation actions under the framework of Article 6 of the Paris Agreement.

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From 2024 — ongoing
Carbon Transaction Facility
Implemented in:

Dominican Republic Morocco Paraguay Senegal Côte d’Ivoire Rwanda Sri Lanka Jordan Nepal Indonesia Switzerland

Funded by:

New Zealand Norway Sweden

The Carbon Transaction Facility (CTF) is GGGI’s solution to the challenges that face countries seeking to participate in cooperative approaches under Article 6, and to scaling up international carbon trading. The CTF, launched in October 2024, aims to accelerate global GHG emission reductions by catalyzing carbon trading under Article 6. The CTF structure has two main pillars: the Article 6 Readiness Facility on one side, and a number of multiple ITMO-purchasing carbon funds on the other. The Article 6 Readiness Facility is a multi-donor fund improving host country readiness through technical assistance and capacity building. The Carbon Funds, on the other hand, are a series of individual funds for initiating Article 6 carbon transactions and purchasing Article 6 carbon credits (ITMOs).

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From 2022 — Until 2026
Initiative for Climate Action Transparency (ICAT)
Implemented in:

Argentina Barbados Belize Botswana Brazil Burundi Canada China Colombia Costa Rica Cuba Dominican Republic Ethiopia Fiji Gambia Guinea India Indonesia Jamaica Japan Jordan Guyana Kazakhstan Kenya Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mexico Republic of Moldova Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Myanmar Namibia Nigeria Norway Oman Pakistan Palau Papua New Guinea Peru Philippines Republic of Korea Rwanda Saudi Arabia Senegal Singapore Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Sweden Switzerland Togo Tunisia Türkiye Uganda United Arab Emirates United States of America Uzbekistan Vanuatu Zambia Zimbabwe

Funded by:

Japan Sweden

ICAT provides countries with tailored support and practical tools and methodologies to build the robust transparency frameworks needed for effective climate action in sync with national development priorities. ICAT provides countries with tailored support and practical tools and methodologies to build the robust transparency frameworks needed for effective climate action in sync with national development priorities.

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From 2019 — ongoing
Mobilizing Article 6 Trading Structures (MATS)
Implemented in:

Cambodia Lao People's Democratic Republic Nepal

Funded by:

Sweden

The MATS project is aimed at establishing Article 6 Activities under the Paris Agreement. The objective of this joint collaboration is to catalyze international trading of mitigation outcomes in support of the increased climate ambitions needed under the Paris Agreement.

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From 2016 — ongoing
Capacity-Building Initiative for Transparency - Global Support Program (CBIT-GSP)
Implemented in:

Afghanistan Albania Algeria Andorra Angola Antigua and Barbuda Argentina Armenia Azerbaijan Bahamas Bahrain Bangladesh Barbados Belize Benin Bhutan Bolivia (Plurinational State of) Bosnia and Herzegovina Botswana Brazil Brunei Darussalam Burkina Faso Burundi Cabo Verde Cambodia Cameroon Central African Republic Chad Chile China Colombia Comoros Congo Democratic Republic of the Congo Cook Islands Costa Rica Côte d’Ivoire Cuba Djibouti Dominica Dominican Republic Ecuador Egypt El Salvador Equatorial Guinea Eritrea Eswatini Ethiopia Fiji Gabon Gambia Georgia Ghana Grenada Guatemala Guinea Guinea-Bissau Guyana Haiti Honduras India Indonesia Iran (Islamic Republic of) Iraq Israel Jamaica Jordan Kazakhstan Kenya Kiribati Kuwait Kyrgyzstan Lao People's Democratic Republic Lebanon Lesotho Liberia Libya Madagascar Malawi Malaysia Maldives Mali Marshall Islands Mauritania Mauritius Mexico Micronesia (Federated States of) Republic of Moldova Mongolia Montenegro Morocco Mozambique Myanmar Namibia Nauru Nepal Nicaragua Niger Nigeria Niue North Macedonia Oman Pakistan Palau State of Palestine Panama Papua New Guinea Paraguay Peru Philippines Portugal Qatar Rwanda Saint Kitts and Nevis Saint Lucia Saint Vincent and the Grenadines Samoa Sao Tome and Principe Saudi Arabia Senegal Serbia Seychelles Sierra Leone Singapore Solomon Islands Somalia South Africa South Sudan Sri Lanka Sudan Suriname Syrian Arab Republic Tajikistan Thailand Timor-Leste Togo Tonga Trinidad and Tobago Tunisia Türkiye Turkmenistan Tuvalu Uganda United Arab Emirates United Republic of Tanzania Uruguay Uzbekistan Vanuatu Venezuela (Bolivarian Republic of) Viet Nam Yemen Zambia Zimbabwe

The project is aimed at supporting developing countries in the transition to the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) and its Biennial Transparency Reports under the Paris Agreement. It also offers various other support to countries, such as the quality review of country's transparency reports, the provision of a dedicated gender toolkit (forthcoming), global meetings, webinars and knowledge products

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From 2021 — ongoing
Partnership for Market Implementation (successor of Partnership for Market Readiness)
Implemented in:

Bangladesh Botswana Azerbaijan Chile China Colombia Guinea Indonesia Kazakhstan Malaysia Mexico Montenegro Pakistan Belize Bhutan Brazil Cambodia Senegal Egypt Türkiye Ukraine India Republic of Moldova Mongolia Namibia Nepal Papua New Guinea Philippines South Africa United Republic of Tanzania Thailand Uzbekistan Viet Nam

Funded by:

Australia Canada Finland Germany European Union Japan Norway Switzerland United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland Spain Sweden

PMI assists countries to design, pilot, and implement pricing instruments aligned with their development priorities. A 10-year program with a capitalization target of US$250 million, the Partnership brings an ambitious and long-term vision for the viability of carbon markets to its support for programs and policies -- across jurisdictions and sectors -- that introduce a strong price signal on carbon emissions and contribute to the Paris Agreement goal of limiting temperature rise to 1.5°C

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From 2020 — ongoing
Climate Market Club
Implemented in:

Bangladesh Bhutan Chile Ghana Japan Peru Rwanda Senegal Singapore Sweden Switzerland

The Club is a group of national governments that jointly develop modalities for piloting activities under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement. o date, representatives from eleven countries have already confirmed participation in the Club: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Chile, Ghana, Japan, Peru, Rwanda, Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, and Switzerland. Participation in the Club is voluntary and non-exclusive.

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