Low income
High-level information on Article 6 cooperation and activities for this socioeconomic group of countries.
Last updated 4 December 2025
Article 6.2 | Cooperative approaches
Article 6.2 cooperative approaches involving countries in this socioeconomic group.
Agreements
Countries in Low income as host / buyer
Cooperative approaches
Countries in Low income as host / buyer
Impact over time
Countries in Low income as host / buyer
Article 6.4 | Paris Agreement crediting mechanism (PACM)
Transitioning CDM activities and newly proposed PACM projects and programmes in countries that belong to the Low income group.
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Sector / Activity type
Activities and how they address emissions across sectors in countries that are part of this socioeconomic group.
National targets
Article 6 cooperation should help to achieve the goals of the Paris Agreement. To limit global temperature increase to 1.5 degrees, transfers between countries need to happen in the context of comprehensive and ambitious national commitments, including for countries in this socioeconomic group.
Sustainable development
The impact from activities implemented under Article 6 is not limited to addressing climate change. Projects can come with significant co-benefits across other sustainability dimensions – but also significant risks to people and environment. This section looks at such impacts for countries in this socioeconomic group.
As outlined in countries’ Participation Requirements for the Paris Agreement Crediting Mechanism.
The Article 6.4 sustainable development tool aims to ensure that PACM activities “do no harm” and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Project proponents are required to identify potential impacts - both positive and negative - and show how social and environmental risks are addressed.
The Article 6.4 sustainable development tool aims to ensure that PACM activities “do no harm” and contribute to achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Project proponents are required to identify potential impacts - both positive and negative - and show how social and environmental risks are addressed.
TOTAL ACROSS ALL SDG'S
SDG'S LIST
Initiatives aiming to strengthen Article 6 knowledge and capabilities that involve countries in the Low income group.
Capacity building
Projects and initiatives to build Article 6 capacities that involve countries in the Low income group.
In April 2021, the Alliance concluded a scooping study aimed at assessing the capacity and institutional needs of member countries in relation to Article 6 implementation readiness. In close collaboration with technical partners (Climate Focus, Perspectives and AEE), the Alliance secretariat, hosted by ENDA undertook a series of in-depth dialogues and questionnaire administration with country focal points to elicit responses on readiness capacity needs and potential next steps. Information gathered from the thirteen (13) Alliance member countries reveals that broader and enhanced support is needed in supporting countries to jump-start the implementation of Article 6.2. The result of the study showed differences in the states of Article 6 preparedness.
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Established in 2021, UNDP's Carbon Payments for Development Facility is a powerful catalyst for innovative public-private partnerships that curb carbon emissions and advance the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Guided by Article 6 of the Paris Agreement, this framework aligns with the global commitment to combat climate change.
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The Carbon Transaction Facility (CTF) is GGGI’s solution to the challenges that face countries seeking to participate in cooperative approaches under Article 6, and to scaling up international carbon trading. The CTF, launched in October 2024, aims to accelerate global GHG emission reductions by catalyzing carbon trading under Article 6. The CTF structure has two main pillars: the Article 6 Readiness Facility on one side, and a number of multiple ITMO-purchasing carbon funds on the other. The Article 6 Readiness Facility is a multi-donor fund improving host country readiness through technical assistance and capacity building. The Carbon Funds, on the other hand, are a series of individual funds for initiating Article 6 carbon transactions and purchasing Article 6 carbon credits (ITMOs).
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ICAT provides countries with tailored support and practical tools and methodologies to build the robust transparency frameworks needed for effective climate action in sync with national development priorities. ICAT provides countries with tailored support and practical tools and methodologies to build the robust transparency frameworks needed for effective climate action in sync with national development priorities.
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The project component “Article 6 Capacity Building” of the global project NDC Assist II aims to strengthen the strategic capacities for the use of international market mechanisms under Article 6 of the Paris Agreement in Rwanda, South Africa and Peru. Line ministries and downstream institutions are provided with strategic and methodological advice for strengthening the national policy and institutional framework to support decision-making processes on the use of Article 6.
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The project is aimed at supporting developing countries in the transition to the Enhanced Transparency Framework (ETF) and its Biennial Transparency Reports under the Paris Agreement. It also offers various other support to countries, such as the quality review of country's transparency reports, the provision of a dedicated gender toolkit (forthcoming), global meetings, webinars and knowledge products
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Alliance aims to enhance the position of West African countries in international carbon markets, benefit from technology transfers, and access result-based climate finance for NDC implementation.
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The ABM is an innovative mechanism for mobilizing new and additional public and private sector finance for enhanced climate change adaptation action. ABM was developed theoretically by the African Development Bank in collaboration with governments from several African countries and various stakeholders.
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The Alliance is focused on bringing member states together with a common goal of delivering an understanding of carbon markets and climate financing
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The Club is a group of national governments that jointly develop modalities for piloting activities under Article 6.2 of the Paris Agreement. o date, representatives from eleven countries have already confirmed participation in the Club: Bangladesh, Bhutan, Chile, Ghana, Japan, Peru, Rwanda, Senegal, Singapore, Sweden, and Switzerland. Participation in the Club is voluntary and non-exclusive.
Read moreLow income overview
High-level overview of Article 6 cooperation and activities across countries that belong to the Low income socioeconomic group.